9/2/2023 0 Comments Battleheart legacy weaknesses![]() ![]() ![]() Returning to Prussia, he assisted in the reform of the Prussian army and state. Clausewitz was held prisoner with his prince in France from 1807 to 1808. At the Battle of Jena-Auerstedt on 14 October 1806-when Napoleon invaded Prussia and defeated the Prussian-Saxon army commanded by Karl Wilhelm Ferdinand, Duke of Brunswick-he was captured, one of the 25,000 prisoners taken that day as the Prussian army disintegrated. Ĭlausewitz served during the Jena Campaign as aide-de-camp to Prince August. Clausewitz, Hermann von Boyen (1771–1848) and Karl von Grolman (1777–1843) were among Scharnhorst's primary allies in his efforts to reform the Prussian army between 18. He entered the Kriegsakademie (also cited as "The German War School", the "Military Academy in Berlin", and the "Prussian Military Academy," later the "War College") in Berlin in 1801 (aged 21), probably studied the writings of the philosophers Immanuel Kant and/or Johann Gottlieb Fichte and Friedrich Schleiermacher and won the regard of General Gerhard von Scharnhorst, the future first chief-of-staff of the newly reformed Prussian Army (appointed 1809). Ĭlausewitz served in the Rhine campaigns (1793–1794) including the siege of Mainz, when the Prussian Army invaded France during the French Revolution, and fought in the Napoleonic Wars from 1806 to 1815. Clausewitz entered the Prussian military service at the age of twelve as a lance corporal, eventually attaining the rank of major general. Clausewitz's father, once a lieutenant in the army of Frederick the Great, King of Prussia, held a minor post in the Prussian internal-revenue service. ![]() His grandfather, the son of a Lutheran pastor, had been a professor of theology. Clausewitz's family claimed descent from the Barons of Clausewitz in Upper Silesia, though scholars question the connection. Life and military career Ĭlausewitz was born on 1 June 1780 in Burg bei Magdeburg in the Prussian Duchy of Magdeburg as the fourth and youngest son of a family that made claims to a noble status which Carl accepted. Nonetheless, sources such as military historian Peter Paret and Encyclopædia Britannica continue to use Gottlieb instead of Gottfried. ![]() "Carl Philipp Gottfried" appears on Clausewitz's tombstone. He spelled his own given name with a "C" in order to identify with the classical Western tradition writers who use "Karl" are often seeking to emphasize their German (rather than European) identity. : 87 Name Ĭlausewitz's Christian names are sometimes given in non-German sources as "Karl", "Carl Philipp Gottlieb", or "Carl Maria". Clausewitz had many aphorisms, of which the most famous is "War is the continuation of policy with other means." (often misquoted as ". In contrast to the early work of Antoine-Henri Jomini, he argued that war could not be quantified or reduced to mapwork, geometry, and graphs. He saw history as a vital check on erudite abstractions that did not accord with experience. His most notable work, Vom Kriege ( "On War"), though unfinished at his death, is considered a seminal treatise on military strategy.Ĭlausewitz was a realist in many different senses, including realpolitik, and while in some respects a romantic, he also drew heavily on the rationalist ideas of the European Enlightenment.Ĭlausewitz stressed the dialectical interaction of diverse factors, noting how unexpected developments unfolding under the " fog of war" (i.e., in the face of incomplete, dubious, and often erroneous information and great fear, doubt, and excitement) call for rapid decisions by alert commanders. Carl Philipp Gottfried (or Gottlieb) von Clausewitz ( German pronunciation: ( listen) 1 June 1780 – 16 November 1831) was a Prussian general and military theorist who stressed the "moral", in modern terms meaning psychological, and political aspects of waging war. ![]()
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